Front POLISARIO
3.5.13
Déclaration L'ASVDH
Déclaration
L'ASVDH déplore l'incapacité du Conseil de sécurité et l'organisation des Nations Unies à s'acquitter de ses engagements à l'égard du peuple du Sahara Occidental et à élargir les compétences de sa Mission pour le Référendum au Sahara Occidental, la Minurso, pour inclure la surveillance des droits de l'homme.
Au contraire, le conseil a adopté le point de vue marocain qui se base sur la menace suivante : « la protection des droits de l'homme menace la paix et la sécurité dans la région et ouvre à l'inconnu ».
Il est très malheureux que cette allégation ait été soutenue par des puissances internationales comme la France et l'Espagne.
Directement après la décision 2099, les populations sahraouies dans les territoires occupés du Sahara Occidental sont sorties dans la rue pour des manifestations pacifiques et spontanées, pour confirmer leurs revendications légitimes de bénéficier des droits que leur confèrent le droit international et le droit international des droits de l'homme.
Comme d'habitude les autorités les ont réprimés.
L'ASVDH déclare ce qui suit:
Nous saluons toutes les organisations des droits de l'homme, les gouvernements et tous les instances qui ont défendu la protection des droits de l'homme au Sahara Occidental et ont demandé l'élargissement des mandats de la Minurso
Nous demandons aux Nations unies et au conseil de sécurité d'appliquer ses engagements à l'égard du peuple sahraoui et de travailler pour élargir les compétences de sa mission au Sahara Occidental pour inclure la surveillance des droits de l'homme.
Nous sommes solidaires des victimes de la répression continuelle des autorités marocaines
Nous dénonçons les nouvelles façons tordues des autorités marocaines et la propagande qu’ils utilisent contre les activistes des droits de l'homme.
Nous dénonçons les mensonges des autorités marocaines quand ils affirment que les activistes sahraouis envoient les mineurs manifestés. Chacun manifeste librement, et les mineurs savent ce qu’ils font.
Nous dénonçons les affirmations des autorités marocaines qui présentent une photo des agents marocains mettant le feu à des poubelles, et les font passer pour des sahraouis. Les autorités coloniales ne cherchent qu’à justifier les violences exagérées de leurs interventions contre les manifestations sahraouies pacifiques.
ASVDH : Association Sahraouie des Victimes des violations graves des Droits de l’Homme commises par l’État du Maroc
El-Aaiun, Sahara occidental
10.4.13
El informe del SG de la ONU sobre el Sahara occidental (S/2013/220) de 8 de abril 2013 ha sido publicado. RESUMEN
El informe del SG de la ONU sobre el Sahara occidental (S/2013/220) de 8 de abril 2013 ha sido publicado.
RESUMEN
El informe refleja en sus principales aspectos la urgencia de una solución justa y duradera que “asegure el derecho del pueblo saharaui a la autodeterminación”. El SG apunta al hecho de “que las dificultades que se han encontrado durante el periodo que cubre el informe no han permitido el progreso hacia esta solución e insiste en que ha llegado el tiempo para que las partes se encaminen hacia esa solución con el apoyo de la comunidad internacional”. El informe hace un resumen de las actividades y esfuerzos emprendidos por su Enviado personal para el Sahara occidental.
El SG aborda de manera amplia la situación de los derechos humanos reconociendo que ha habido a lo largo del año manifestaciones dentro del territorio ocupado en apoyo al derecho a la autodeterminación del pueblo saharaui y de denuncia de la explotación ilegal de las riquezas saharauis e informa al Consejo de la posición adoptada por el parlamento Europeo de oposición a la renovación del acuerdo de pesca con marruecos.
El informe dedica varios pararlos a los acontecimientos relativos al proceso de los 25 civiles saharauis por una corte militar y las sentencias pronunciadas contar ellos. En este sentido, el SG en el párrafo 82 dice que “El Alto comisario de la ONU para DDHH y el Relator especial sobre la tortura, Juan Méndez, “pusieron de manifiesto su preocupación ante el recurso a un tribunal militar para juzgar a civiles y ante el rechazo a que s investiguen las alegaciones de que los civiles procesados fueron objeto de tortura y de malos tratos antes de su proceso. El SG dice que “hace suyas estas preocupaciones”
El informe refleja de manera transparente las conclusiones y recomendaciones hechas por el Consejo de derechos humanos de la ONU a Marruecos y de manera particular la de aceptar la del establecimiento en el marco de la MINURSO de un mecanismo encargado de la vigilancia de los derechos humanos. El SG informa al Consejo de que Marruecos ha opuesto un rechazo a esta recomendación. El informe refleja en su párrafo 90 y 91 las conclusiones y recomendaciones hechas ante el Consejo e de derechos humanos de la ON U por el relator sobre tortura, Sr. Méndez, en cuyo informe confirma que marruecos ha practicado esta política represiva en el Territorio ocupado. Asimismo, el SG pone en conocimiento del Consejo de seguridad (párrafo 86) los resultados de la misión del relator especial sobre los defensores de derechos huaynos en el Territorio, la Sra. Margaret SEKAGGYA, en el que expresa su ”preocupación ante las restricciones ( de marruecos) al derecho a la manifestación pacífica y a la autorización administrativa para el registro de las ONG en el Sahara occidental”.
El SG de la ONU considera en el párrafo 89, y contrariamente a lo que pretende Marruecos, que la misión y naturaleza del mandato de los relatores especiales no puede ser una alternativa valida a un mecanismo permanente para la observación de os derechos humanos y subraya en el párrafo 116 relativo a sus recomendaciones formuladas a la atención del Consejo de seguridad que “ dados los informe sobre violación de los derechos humanos , se convierte en algo altamente necesario el establecimiento de una observación imparcial, independiente y permanente de la situación de los derechos humanos en el Sahara occidental y en los campamentos de refugiados”. El SG , en este contexto, informa al Consejo que ha “tomado nota de la disponibilidad positiva manifestada por el Frente Polisario de trabajar con los organismos de derechos humanos de la ONU”.
El SG vuelve a insistir una vez más en su llamamiento formulado en varias ocasiones “a las dos partes de establecer entre ellas un mecanismo militar conjunto para discutir de las violaciones del alto el fuego y de otras cosas de interés común”. Conviene señalar que este llamamiento fue aceptado en su día por el F. Polisario y rechazado por marruecos. El SG refleja en varis párrafos la cooperación y esfuerzos llevados a cabo por el F. Polisario, con medios humanos y materiales, para asegurar los lugares donde residen los observadores de la MINURSO y personal de las agencias de la ONU así como sus desplazamientos en el Territorio liberado y hacia las fronteras con Mauritania
El SG , a pesar de la evolución habida, subraya en el párrafo 108 que la MINURSO no ha podido todavía poner fin a determinadas prácticas impuestas por Marruecos y denunciadas de manera extensiva en el informe del año pasado, que ponen en tela de juicio la credibilidad e independencia de la Misión-como la matriculación de los coches de la MINURSO y el cerco de las banderas marroquíes a la sede de la MINURSO-a pesar de los esfuerzos hechos que incluyen un dictamen del departamento de asuntos jurídicos de la ONU para que Marruecos ponga fin a esta situación. Los obstáculos a la función y libertad de movimientos de la MINURSO que fueron objeto también del anterior informe, siguen sin encontrar una solución. Es por ello que el SG en el párrafo 107 vuelve a informar al Consejo de que” la Misión encuentra todavía limitaciones para suministrar de forma autentico e independiente la información necesaria al Consejo de seguridad como a la Secretariado sobre los desarrollos que tienen lugar en el Territorio”
El SG recomienda la extensión del mandato de la MINURSO, por un año más en tanto que símbolo del compromiso de la comunidad internacional por una solución del conflicto y por la preservación del alto el fuego. El SG reafirma en el párrafo 104 del informe que el mandato de la MINURSO “no ha cambiado desde 1991”. Sigue siendo por tanto el de la celebración de un referéndum de autodeterminación para el pueblo del Sahara occidental”.
31.3.13
Western Sahara April 2013 Monthly Forecast
Western Sahara April 2013 Monthly Forecast
Expected Council Action
In April, the Council expects a briefing in consultations on the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) by Wolfgang Weisbrod-Weber, the Secretary-General’s Special Representative and head of MINURSO. The Secretary-General’s Personal Envoy for Western Sahara, Christopher Ross, is also likely to brief the Council.
A likely outcome is the adoption of a resolution renewing MINURSO’s mandate—which expires on 30 April 2013—for another 12 months.
Key Recent Developments
Ross last briefed the Council on the status of negotiations on Western Sahara in consultations on 28 November 2012, following which there was no outcome. Weisbrod-Weber also made a statement. Ross focused primarily on his trip to North Africa from 25 October to 11 November—which included meetings with King Mohammed of Morocco and Mohamed Abdelaziz, the Secretary-General of the Polisario Front (in Algeria)—in addition to meetings in Madrid and Paris on 12-15 November. The trip resulted in an agreement on a “shuttle diplomacy” approach to the negotiating process, reminiscent of that undertaken by then Personal Envoy James A. Baker III in 1997, comprising regular visits to Algeria, Mauritania, Morocco and Western Sahara.
From 28 January to 15 February, Ross continued his tour of members of the Group of Friends of Western Sahara (France, Russia, Spain, the UK and the US) aimed at building international support for the negotiations, visiting Washington DC and Moscow, in addition to Germany and Switzerland.
The next step in the shuttle diplomacy began on 20 March and was scheduled to end on 3 April, with the aim of preparing for the subsequent phase in the negotiating process and a possible resumption of direct talks by mid-2013. Ross has held discussions with Morocco and the Polisario Front and visited Western Sahara, Algeria and Mauritania. Ross may also consider visiting Libya and Tunisia at a later stage, to explore further options for regional engagement and support for the negotiating process, as well as to discuss concerns about the heightened risks of instability and insecurity in the Sahel.
On 15 March, the Group of Friends issued a joint statement, welcoming the upcoming trip and expressing their support for the mediation efforts undertaken by Ross. The statement also encouraged the parties to show flexibility in their engagement with the Personal Envoy and each other, in the hopes of ending the current impasse and achieving progress towards a political solution.
There have been some improvements in the situation since the adoption of resolution 2044 renewing MINURSO’s mandate on 24 April 2012. UN officials noted an increase in access to a broader range of interlocutors, including Ross’s visits to Western Sahara in October-November 2012 and early 2013 and regular meetings with Morocco’s National Human Rights Council.
However, media reports suggest that access to Western Sahara for international delegations remains an issue of concern. On 6 March, four members of the European Parliament arrived in Casablanca on their way to Laâyoune for meetings with human rights organisations and MINURSO representatives; they were denied access by Morocco and later returned to Europe.
The programme run by the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), offering separated families in Western Sahara and refugee camps in Tindouf, Algeria a range of services to help them reconnect, has continued. UNHCR’s family visit programme has significantly expanded, with larger aircraft permitting a greater number of Sahrawi refugees in Tindouf to reunite with their families in Western Sahara and vice versa. Furthermore, free telephone services allow separated Sahrawi families to contact and stay in touch with their relatives. However, as noted by Ross in his 28 November briefing, there is a need for increased funding for UNHCR’s confidence-building measures programme, which has seen a significant decrease in financial support due to the global economic crisis.
Human Rights-Related Developments
On 19 February, a spokesperson for the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) expressed concern at the use of a military court to try and convict 25 Saharan civilians charged in relation to violence surrounding the dismantling of the Gdim Izik protest camp near Laâyoune on 8 November 2010, and at the alleged ill-treatment they received during their pre-trial detention. According to a report of Morocco’s National Human Rights Council, the trial took place “under normal conditions and was marked by due process”.
The UN Human Rights Council (HRC) considered several reports relevant to the situation in Western Sahara during its March session.
On 4 March, Juan Méndez, the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, introduced his report to the HRC on his September 2012 visit to Morocco that included Laâyoune (A/HRC/22/53/Add.2 of 28 February 2013).
On 5 March, the HRC considered the report of the working group on enforced or involuntary disappearances on the follow-up to its country mission to Morocco (A/HRC/22/45/Add.3 of 1 March 2013).
On 4 March, the HRC considered the report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders, Margaret Sekaggya. In its addendum, Sekaggya expressed concern regarding the restrictions on the freedom of peaceful assembly encountered in Western Sahara, the excessive use of force during demonstrations, and the alleged difficulties to register for organisations in Western Sahara (A/HRC/22/47/Add.4 of 27 February 2013).
In the lead up to the ongoing negotiations on the draft resolution renewing MINURSO’s mandate, a number of international human rights groups reiterated their call for the introduction of a human rights component in MINURSO’s mandate, obtaining widespread media exposure.
Key Issues
A key issue for the Council is the renewal of MINURSO’s mandate that complements the negotiating process and takes into consideration the regional context and the instability of the situation in Mali and the Sahel.
A related issue is for the Special Representative and Personal Envoy, UN and associated personnel and international delegations to have free access to interlocutors in Algeria, Mauritania, Morocco and Western Sahara.
Human rights monitoring and agreement on a mechanism that is independent, impartial, sustained and comprehensive is an ongoing issue.
Options
One option is for Council members to adopt a resolution renewing MINURSO’s mandate for a period of 12 months, maintaining similar language to that of the current mandate and encouraging progress in the negotiating process and the resumption of direct talks.
This option could include taking note of the Secretary-General’s recommendation for an increase in MINURSO personnel that appeared in his report of 5 April 2012 (S/2012/197). The request was for 15 UN military observers to bolster MINURSO’s monitoring capacities, in addition to six MINURSO police officers to support the expansion of the humanitarian family visit programme.
Further options that could be discussed in April for possible consideration at a later stage relate to the monitoring of human rights, such as:
- welcoming the work of Morocco’s National Human Rights Council and Morocco’s ongoing cooperation with Special Procedures of the UN Human Rights Council;
- requesting the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights to brief on the human rights situation in Western Sahara, encouraging consideration of alternative human rights monitoring arrangements such as regular OHCHR staff visits; and (although unlikely options at this juncture)
- asking the Secretary-General to establish an independent commission of inquiry to investigate the overall human rights situation in Western Sahara; or
- introducing a human rights component to MINURSO’s mandate.
Council and Wider Dynamics
Council members engaged on the issue, including Morocco, remain supportive of the shuttle diplomacy undertaken by Ross and remain hopeful that such an approach could pave the way for moving into direct talks shortly.
Positions on Western Sahara—including those of the Group of Friends, four of whom are permanent Council members—remain unchanged, with most Council members remaining reluctant to speak out strongly on the issue and instead preferring to use their political capital on other issues on the Council’s agenda.
While the EU stance has generally been aligned with that of Morocco, some EU members may be shifting, as reflected by the 5 December 2012 vote by the Swedish parliament to recognise the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. Media reports suggest that advocacy efforts are underway to promote similar initiatives in other European parliaments.
The US is the penholder on Western Sahara.
UN Documents on Western Sahara:
| Security Council Resolutions | |
| 24 April 2012 S/RES/2044 | This resolution extended the mandate of MINURSO for another year. |
| Secretary-General’s Reports | |
| 5 April 2012 S/2012/197 | The Secretary-General’s MINURSO report (Western Sahara). |
| Security Council Meeting Records | |
| 28 March 2013 S/PV.6758 | This was the adoption of resolution 2044 renewing MINURSO’s mandate. |
Other Relevant Facts
Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of MINURSOWolfgang Weisbrod-Weber (Germany)Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western SaharaChristopher Ross (US)
MINURSO Size, Composition and BudgetStrength as of 31 January 2013: 25 troops; 175 military observers; 6 police; 95 international civilians; 165 local civilians; 16 UN volunteers
Budget (July 2012-June 2013): $61.3 million
MINURSO DurationApril 1991-to present
Original Publication: http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/index.php
28.3.13
ويلي ماير النائب في البرلمان الأوروبي
Willy Meyer With the saharaui cause in the FORUM SOCIAL MUNDIAL en Tunez 2013
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